Fig. 1　Illustrated Acupuncture Points of Bladder Meridian. LFES-CIH therapy was administered using gel-pad electrodes (113 cm2: 15.0 cm x 7.5 cm, Black Circle) on each side of acupoints BL23, 24, and 52. These acupoints were targeted for treatment with the AC5100 device, which generated arbitrary waveforms. Note: cun represents a traditional Chinese unit of length, where 30 cun equals 1 meter.