Fig.2 Two graft biopsies at one year(a) and three years (b) post-transplant( Periodic acid-Schiff［PAS］ stain, magnification ×400)

Both show chronic ischemic nephropathy characterized by interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) with relatively preserved glomerular structures. IFTA, already presenting at one year post-transplant, progressed significantly at three years post-transplant, while eGFRwas unaffected during the period between the two time points.